Called the Pakistan Penal Code, extends to whole of Pakistan.
Purpose & scope: Establishes title, territorial jurisdiction, application to offences beyond Pakistan, and rules of construction.
Called the Pakistan Penal Code, extends to whole of Pakistan.
Every person liable for act/omission contrary to Code committed within Pakistan.
Offences committed outside Pakistan but triable here by virtue of any law.
Extends to offences by Pakistani citizens anywhere, and on Pakistani ships/aircraft.
PPC does not override special/local laws, military laws, etc.
“Dictionary of the PPC” – defines key terms, rules of interpretation, mens rea elements.
All definitions subject to General Exceptions (Ch.IV).
Includes company, association, body of persons (incorporated or not).
Extensive definition: judges, government officers, corporation officers, bank officers, etc.
Doing anything with intention of wrongful gain or wrongful loss.
Intent to defraud (deceive). Distinction from dishonesty.
Most important section. When a criminal act is done by several persons in furtherance of common intention, each is liable as if done by him alone.
Done with due care and attention – not absolute correctness.
Supplying shelter, food, money, clothes, arms, or assistance to evade apprehension.
Kinds of punishment: Death, imprisonment for life, imprisonment (rigorous/simple), forfeiture of property, fine.
Offenders liable to: Death, imprisonment for life, imprisonment (rigorous/simple), forfeiture of property, fine.
Imprisonment for remainder of natural life (not 14 or 20 years).
Government may commute death to life imprisonment or rigorous/simple imprisonment up to 14 years.
Imprisonment for life reckoned as twenty years for calculating fractions.
If fine not paid, court may order imprisonment (max ¼ of term, or 6 months if only fine).
Defences that exempt criminal liability: mistake of fact, accident, infancy, insanity, intoxication, self-defence, etc.
Abetment: instigating, engaging in conspiracy, or intentionally aiding an offence.
A person abets who instigates, engages in conspiracy, or intentionally aids the commission of an offence.
Agreement between two or more persons to do an illegal act, or a legal act by illegal means.
Punished as provided: imprisonment up to 6 months, or fine, or both; for serious offences, up to the same punishment as the offence.
Includes sedition (§121) – struck down by Lahore High Court in 2023; waging war against Pakistan, etc.
Unlawful assembly (§141): assembly of five or more persons with common object. Rioting (§146), affray (§159).
Assembly of 5 or more persons with common object as specified.
If an offence is committed by any member of an unlawful assembly in prosecution of the common object, every member is liable.
Qisas and Diyat (homicide and hurt): Sections 299–338. Sexual offences (§375–377).
Defines Qisas for murder and hurt, with diyat (blood money) as compensation.
Sexual intercourse by a man with a woman without consent, or with consent obtained under fear, misconception, etc.
Carnal intercourse against the order of nature with any man, woman, or animal.
Theft (§378), extortion (§383), robbery (§390), dacoity (§391), cheating (§415), mischief (§425), criminal trespass (§441).
Moving movable property without consent with intent to take dishonestly.
Fraudulently or dishonestly inducing delivery of property or consent to retain property.
Destruction or change of property causing wrongful loss or damage.
Entry into property with intent to commit an offence or intimidate/insult.